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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
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Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
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Published on: July 14, 2023

Three dimensional cancellous bone structure in hypoparathyroidism.

Mishaela R Rubin1, David W Dempster, Thomas Kohler

  • 1Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University New York, NY, USA. mrr6@columbia.edu

Bone
|September 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypoparathyroidism significantly alters cancellous bone structure, leading to increased bone density and thickness. Parathyroid hormone is essential for maintaining normal bone architecture and trabecular structure.

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03:57

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Two Techniques to Create Hypoparathyroid Mice: Parathyroidectomy Using GFP Glands and Diphtheria-Toxin-Mediated Parathyroid Ablation
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Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
07:12

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and endocrinology
  • Skeletal imaging and analysis

Background:

  • Hypoparathyroidism is a condition characterized by insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH) production.
  • Previous studies using 2D histomorphometry indicated alterations in cancellous bone architecture in hypoparathyroidism.
  • The role of PTH in maintaining normal cancellous bone structure requires further elucidation, particularly with advanced imaging techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the 3-dimensional (3D) cancellous bone structure in hypoparathyroidism using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT).
  • To compare 3D bone parameters between hypoparathyroid subjects and matched controls.
  • To correlate micro-CT findings with conventional histomorphometry and assess the necessity of PTH for normal bone structure.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) was employed to analyze percutaneous iliac crest bone biopsies.
  • Subjects included 25 individuals with hypoparathyroidism (postmenopausal women, premenopausal women, men) and matched controls (living premenopausal healthy, cadaveric).
  • Quantitative analysis of bone surface density, trabecular thickness, number, separation, connectivity density, and plate-rod characteristic (SMI) was performed.

Main Results:

  • Hypoparathyroid subjects exhibited significantly greater bone surface density, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and connectivity density compared to controls.
  • Unmatched analysis revealed significantly greater cancellous bone volume and lower trabecular separation in hypoparathyroid subjects.
  • A more plate-like trabecular structure (lower SMI) was observed in hypoparathyroid individuals, indicating significant architectural changes.

Conclusions:

  • Cancellous bone in hypoparathyroidism is markedly abnormal, characterized by altered structural parameters.
  • These findings strongly suggest that parathyroid hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining normal cancellous bone architecture.
  • The functional implications of these structural changes on overall bone strength warrant further investigation.