Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts— that give the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Calcifediol: Why, When, How Much?

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

In Vitro Effects of PTH (1-84) on Human Skeletal Muscle-Derived Satellite Cells.

Biomedicines·2023
Same author

Parathyroid carcinoma: molecular therapeutic targets.

Endocrine·2023
Same author

Executive summary: Italian guidelines for diagnosis, risk stratification, and care continuity of fragility fractures 2021.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2023
Same author

Fracture risk reduction and safety by osteoporosis treatment compared with placebo or active comparator in postmenopausal women: systematic review, network meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis of randomised clinical trials.

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)·2023
Same author

Role of the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) in the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis: A Genetic, Epigenetic and Molecular Pilot Study.

Genes·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model
06:59

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

Microarchitecture, the key to bone quality.

Maria Luisa Brandi1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. m.brandi@dmi.unifi.it

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
|September 29, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone remodelling maintains skeletal integrity, but age-related bone loss increases fracture risk. Advanced imaging techniques now assess bone microarchitecture for better osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment efficacy.

More Related Videos

Multimodal Approach to Assess Bone Regeneration and Scaffold Performance
06:54

Multimodal Approach to Assess Bone Regeneration and Scaffold Performance

Published on: February 13, 2026

Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin
09:36

Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin

Published on: March 14, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model
06:59

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

Multimodal Approach to Assess Bone Regeneration and Scaffold Performance
06:54

Multimodal Approach to Assess Bone Regeneration and Scaffold Performance

Published on: February 13, 2026

Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin
09:36

Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin

Published on: March 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Bone remodelling, driven by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, maintains skeletal integrity.
  • Age-related bone mass decline after 40 increases fracture risk, particularly in women.
  • Osteoporosis involves reduced bone mass and impaired architecture, leading to fragility and fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in non-invasive techniques for assessing bone fragility.
  • To highlight the shift from bone densitometry to methods evaluating bone strength and structure.
  • To emphasize the importance of microarchitecture assessment for osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) and Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) for bone macrostructure.
  • High-resolution CT, microCT, High-Resolution MRI, and microMRI for bone microstructure.
  • Utilizing quantitative assessments of macro- and microstructural bone features.

Main Results:

  • New non-invasive techniques effectively detect early changes in bone fragility.
  • These methods provide structural insights into bone pathophysiology, surpassing limitations of bone densitometry.
  • Microstructural assessment offers crucial information for understanding and managing osteoporosis.

Conclusions:

  • Evaluating bone microarchitecture is key to understanding osteoporosis.
  • Advanced imaging techniques improve osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
  • Assessing microarchitecture response to therapy enables evaluation of treatment efficacy.