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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
Published on: February 2, 2021
Fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous renal access
Peter L Steinberg1, Michelle J Semins, Shaun E L Wason
1Department of Surgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center , Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.
Abstract:
Percutaneous renal surgery is dependent upon appropriate access to the targeted portion of the collecting system. Obtaining a well-positioned nephrostomy tract improves the urologist's ability to both obtain the desired surgical outcome and minimize attendant morbidities. The two primary methods of obtaining fluoroscopic-guided percutaneous renal access-"bull's eye" targeting and triangulation-are reviewed. The authors' preferred techniques are outlined, technical refinements are noted, and recent modifications and future directions are reviewed.
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