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Related Concept Videos

Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral chromosome underwent...
Conservation of Protein Domains02:26

Conservation of Protein Domains

Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain.  Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to form...
Multi-species Conserved Sequences02:51

Multi-species Conserved Sequences

Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved DNA...
Ligand Binding and Linkage00:49

Ligand Binding and Linkage

Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked.  In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence the...
Ligand Binding and Linkage00:49

Ligand Binding and Linkage

Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked.  In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence the...
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are characterized.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Leveraging CyVerse Resources for De Novo Comparative Transcriptomics of Underserved (Non-model) Organisms
10:41

Leveraging CyVerse Resources for De Novo Comparative Transcriptomics of Underserved (Non-model) Organisms

Published on: May 9, 2017

Joining forces in the quest for orthologs.

Toni Gabaldón, Christophe Dessimoz, Julie Huxley-Jones

    Genome Biology
    |September 30, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    Improved orthology-prediction resources are crucial for biological research. A recent meeting focused on coordinating efforts to enhance these valuable tools for the scientific community.

    Area of Science:

    • Genomics
    • Bioinformatics

    Background:

    • Orthology prediction is vital for comparative genomics and understanding gene function across species.
    • Current orthology-prediction resources are fragmented, hindering widespread adoption and utility.
    • A coordinated approach is needed to leverage existing efforts effectively.

    Framework:

    • Discussed strategies for standardizing orthology data and prediction methods.
    • Explored collaborative models for developing and maintaining shared resources.
    • Identified key challenges and opportunities in orthology resource development.

    Implementation:

    • Focused on integrating diverse orthology prediction tools and databases.
    • Aimed to establish best practices for orthology assignment and validation.

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    A Converging Strategy for the Generation of a Virtually Sequenced cDNA Library from Unreferenced Pacific Oysters

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    Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

    Leveraging CyVerse Resources for De Novo Comparative Transcriptomics of Underserved (Non-model) Organisms
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    Published on: May 9, 2017

    An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
    09:37

    An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

    Published on: July 12, 2022

    A Converging Strategy for the Generation of a Virtually Sequenced cDNA Library from Unreferenced Pacific Oysters
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    A Converging Strategy for the Generation of a Virtually Sequenced cDNA Library from Unreferenced Pacific Oysters

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  • Promoted interdisciplinary collaboration among bioinformaticians and domain experts.

    • Implications:

    • Enhanced orthology resources will accelerate biological discovery and functional genomics research.
    • Improved prediction accuracy and accessibility will benefit researchers globally.
    • Fostering collaboration will lead to more robust and reliable genomic annotations.