[Prenatally detected orofacial cleft].

Area of Science:

• Medical Science
• Genetics
• Obstetrics

Background:

• Prenatal diagnosis of orofacial clefts is increasing.
• Accurate interpretation of detection rates requires differentiating isolated from associated clefts.
• Associated orofacial clefts often indicate major structural or chromosomal anomalies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze prenatal detection rates of orofacial clefts.
• To establish a comprehensive care plan for managing prenatally detected orofacial clefts.
• To provide guidance on pregnancy management based on cleft type.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and data examination.
• Development of a standardized care plan with Dutch prenatal medicine centers.
• Inclusion of detailed ultrasound, karyotyping, genetic counseling, and psychosocial support.

Main Results:

• The ultrasound detection rate for isolated orofacial clefts is low (18-56%).
• A care plan was adopted for diagnosis, medical support, and treatment.
• Pregnancy termination may be considered for associated major congenital anomalies before 24 weeks.

Conclusions:

• Reported cases of termination are often incidents, not reflective of isolated cleft detection.
• A clear distinction between isolated and associated orofacial clefts is vital.
• Management strategies should be tailored to the specific type of orofacial cleft detected prenatally.