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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
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Brain Imaging01:14

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
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Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
04:42

Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder

Published on: May 2, 2025

State-dependent decrease in levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in bipolar disorder: a meta-analytic study.

Pao-Yen Lin1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung Hsiang, Kaohsiung County 833, Taiwan. py1029@adm.cgmh.org.tw

Neuroscience Letters
|September 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are lower in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), especially during manic or depressed states. Treatment for mania increased BDNF levels, suggesting its potential as a biomarker.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is implicated in bipolar disorder (BD) pathogenesis.
  • Previous studies on blood BDNF levels in BD patients have yielded inconsistent results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare blood BDNF levels between BD patients and healthy controls.
  • To investigate BDNF levels in BD patients across different affective states (manic, depressed, euthymic).
  • To examine changes in BDNF levels following pharmacological treatment for mania.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis using a random-effects model was conducted.
  • Fifteen studies from 10 citations were included in the analysis.
  • BDNF levels were compared between BD patients and controls, and within BD patients based on affective state.

Main Results:

  • Overall, BD patients exhibited lower blood BDNF levels compared to healthy controls (p=1x10(-4)).
  • Significantly lower BDNF levels were observed in manic (p=0.0008) and depressed (p=0.02) states, but not in the euthymic state (p=0.25).
  • Pharmacological treatment for manic states led to a significant increase in BDNF levels (p=0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Blood BDNF levels are abnormally reduced in the manic and depressed states of bipolar disorder.
  • Reduced BDNF levels in the manic state appear to increase following treatment.
  • Blood BDNF may serve as a state-dependent biomarker for bipolar disorder.