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Management of children with acute malnutrition in resource-poor settings

Kenneth H Brown1, Daniele H Nyirandutiye, Svenja Jungjohann

  • 1Program in International and Community Nutrition and Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. khbrown@ucdavis.edu

Nature Reviews. Endocrinology
|September 30, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Community-based management effectively treats moderate to severe acute malnutrition in children, reducing mortality. This approach, including therapeutic foods and infection control, is preferred by caregivers and is cost-effective.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • 11% of children globally face moderate to severe acute malnutrition, significantly increasing mortality risk.
  • Acute malnutrition is defined by low weight-for-height, low mid-upper arm circumference, or bipedal edema.
  • Effective management strategies have been developed over the past two decades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the main components of treating acute malnutrition in children in resource-poor settings.
  • To highlight recent advances in community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) programs.
  • To emphasize the successful outpatient management of uncomplicated acute malnutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and CMAM program components.
  • Description of treatment protocols for uncomplicated and complicated acute malnutrition.
  • Discussion of dietary management, infection treatment, and psychosocial care.

Main Results:

  • Outpatient management of uncomplicated acute malnutrition is successful using ready-to-use therapeutic foods or home diets with infection treatment.
  • Community-based treatment is preferred by caregivers and is more cost-effective than inpatient care.
  • Severe cases with complications require initial inpatient care for stabilization before transitioning to ambulatory treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) programs are effective and preferred for children in resource-poor settings.
  • Integrated care including nutritional support, infection management, and psychosocial support is crucial.
  • Ongoing advancements in CMAM programs continue to improve treatment outcomes for acutely malnourished children.

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