Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology01:26

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Biomonitoring of nutritional and toxic elements in raw and cooked rice in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study, Bangladesh.

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety·2026
Same author

Influenza Antiviral Prescriptions in the US Inpatient and Outpatient Settings During the 2015-2022 Influenza Seasons.

Influenza and other respiratory viruses·2026
Same author

PERsonalised Medicine for Intensification of Treatment (PERMIT) in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a target trial emulation from routine data.

Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)·2026
Same author

Interplay Between the Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis and the Immune System in Viral Neuroinvasion and CNS Pathogenesis.

Comprehensive Physiology·2026
Same author

From sensing to shaping: microglial responses in the pathogenesis of viral encephalitis.

Current opinion in immunology·2026
Same author

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: A Review.

JAMA·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
12:20

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Published on: December 29, 2015

Japanese encephalitis-a pathological and clinical perspective.

Debapriya Ghosh1, Anirban Basu

  • 1National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana, India.

Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases
|September 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a severe viral brain infection endemic to Asia. Emerging global spread necessitates urgent research into Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) pathogenesis and treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Japanese encephalitis (JE) is the primary cause of viral encephalitis in Asia, responsible for significant mortality.
  • The Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a Flaviviridae family member, causes periodic, life-threatening outbreaks.
  • JE is traditionally a tropical disease, but globalization and climate change are expanding its reach into new regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the urgent need for global research efforts on Japanese encephalitis.
  • To review current knowledge on JEV pathogenesis and therapeutic development.
  • To discuss the potential for future breakthroughs against this neglected tropical disease.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing scientific literature on Japanese encephalitis.

More Related Videos

A Model for Epilepsy of Infectious Etiology using Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus
05:33

A Model for Epilepsy of Infectious Etiology using Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus

Published on: June 23, 2022

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
04:23

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
12:20

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Published on: December 29, 2015

A Model for Epilepsy of Infectious Etiology using Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus
05:33

A Model for Epilepsy of Infectious Etiology using Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus

Published on: June 23, 2022

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
04:23

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

  • It examines documented research on JEV pathogenesis and drug discovery.
  • The review analyzes trends in JEV emergence and epidemiological predictions.

    • Main Results:

    • JEV is predicted to become a global pathogen, posing a pandemic threat.
    • Despite its impact, worldwide awareness and research funding for JE remain insufficient.
    • Existing research provides a foundation for understanding JEV but requires significant expansion.

    Conclusions:

    • A coordinated global research initiative is critical to address the growing threat of Japanese encephalitis.
    • Further investigation into JEV pathogenesis and the development of effective therapies are paramount.
    • Proactive research is essential to prevent future pandemics caused by this emerging viral disease.