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Related Concept Videos

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...

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Updated: Jun 20, 2026

High-Throughput Dissociation and Orthotopic Implantation of Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts
06:06

High-Throughput Dissociation and Orthotopic Implantation of Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: December 20, 2024

Differences in gene expression between individuals with multiple primary and single primary malignancies.

G P Stathopoulos1, A Armakolas

  • 1A' Oncology Department, Errikos Dunant Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece. dr-gps@ath.forthnet.gr

International Journal of Molecular Medicine
|September 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gene expression differences in blood were identified between individuals with multiple primary cancers and those with single cancers. A nine-probe signature and four repressed genes were found, offering insights into cancer development.

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Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

High-Throughput Dissociation and Orthotopic Implantation of Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts
06:06

High-Throughput Dissociation and Orthotopic Implantation of Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: December 20, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cytogenetic and molecular studies have identified candidate genes associated with imbalanced chromosomal regions.
  • Understanding gene expression differences in individuals with multiple primary malignancies is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gene expression profiles in individuals with double versus single primary malignancies.
  • To identify specific gene signatures and deregulated genes associated with multiple primary cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Whole genome microarray analysis of blood samples from individuals with double or single primary malignancies (breast, colon, ovary) and healthy controls.
  • Quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for validation.
  • Classifier analysis to identify gene signatures.

Main Results:

  • A significant number of deregulated genes were identified between groups.
  • A 9-probe gene signature distinguished patients with second primary tumors from those with single tumors.
  • Four genes were found to be significantly repressed in individuals with multiple primary malignancies compared to single malignancy and healthy groups.
  • Thirteen genes showed statistically significant expression differences between double and single primary malignancy groups, with nine confirmed by classifier analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Gene expression profiling reveals distinct molecular signatures in individuals with multiple primary malignancies.
  • Identified genes are involved in protein biosynthesis, apoptosis inhibition, and intracellular signaling.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the molecular basis of multiple primary cancers.