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Tetanus is a life-threatening neurological disorder characterized by persistent muscle contractions and spastic paralysis. It is caused by Clostridium tetani, a motile, Gram-positive, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobe. These bacteria produce terminal endospores, giving them a distinctive “lollipop” or “tennis-racket” appearance. They thrive in anaerobic environments, such as those found in deep puncture wounds.Once introduced into the body, the spores germinate into vegetative cells. These cells...

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[Stinging catfish spine envenamation].

Leszek Satora1, Jacek Sein Anand, Roman Korolkiewicz

  • 1Ośrodek Informacji Toksykologicznej, Collegium Medicum, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, Poland. satora@wp.pl

Przeglad Lekarski
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis) envenomations are increasingly reported in Poland. Medical management protocols were developed based on analyzed cases of swelling, pain, and dizziness.

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Area of Science:

  • Ichthyology
  • Toxicology
  • Veterinary Medicine

Context:

  • The stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, is a popular aquarium fish in Poland.
  • Multiple toxicological centers have documented envenomation cases.
  • Cases occurred between 1994 and 2008.

Purpose:

  • To analyze reported cases of stinging catfish envenomations.
  • To develop a medical management schema for Heteropneustes fossilis injuries.

Summary:

  • Twelve cases of envenomation by Heteropneustes fossilis were recorded.
  • Common symptoms include edema, erythema, intense pain, numbness, and dizziness.
  • A medical management plan was formulated based on case analysis.

Impact:

  • Provides a framework for treating stinging catfish injuries.
  • Raises awareness of the potential hazards of keeping Heteropneustes fossilis.
  • Informs pet owners and medical professionals about envenomation risks and responses.