Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Severe refractory thrombocytopenia in a woman positive for coronavirus disease 2019 with lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome.

Lupus·2020
Same author

Prevalence and consequences of vitamin D insufficiency in women with takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2013
Same author

1955: polio and the bomb.

The Pharos of Alpha Omega Alpha-Honor Medical Society. Alpha Omega Alpha·2009
Same author

Array comparative genomic hybridisation analysis of boys with X-linked hypopituitarism identifies a 3.9 Mb duplicated critical region at Xq27 containing SOX3.

Journal of medical genetics·2007
Same author

Torus palatinus: a new anatomical correlation with bone density in postmenopausal women.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·2003
Same author

A 35-year-old woman with asthma and polycystic lung disease.

Chest·2002

Related Experiment Videos

Chemotherapy-induced hypocalcemia.

Pia Marie E Ajero1, Joseph L Belsky, Herbert D Prawius

  • 1Department of Medicine (Endocrinology and Oncology), Danbury Hospital, Danbury, Connecticut 06810, USA. pia.ajero@gmail.com

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|October 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

A unique case of chemotherapy-induced hypocalcemia was observed in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma. This transient condition, likely caused by vinca alkaloids, highlights the need for serum calcium monitoring during cancer treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypocalcemia is a common electrolyte disturbance in cancer patients.
  • Chemotherapy can precipitate hypocalcemia through various mechanisms, including hypomagnesemia and tumor lysis syndrome.
  • This case explores a distinct etiology of chemotherapy-induced hypocalcemia.

Observation:

  • A 90-year-old man developed severe, asymptomatic hypocalcemia during chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Hypocalcemia resolved between chemotherapy courses and normalized post-treatment.
  • Laboratory findings excluded hypomagnesemia and tumor lysis syndrome.

Findings:

  • Vinca alkaloids were identified as the most probable cause of hypocalcemia.
  • Evidence suggested acquired, reversible hypoparathyroidism as the underlying mechanism.
  • This represents a unique presentation not previously reported in medical literature.

Implications:

  • Chemotherapy can induce transient hypocalcemia through mechanisms beyond established causes.
  • Monitoring serum calcium levels during chemotherapy is crucial for early detection.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced hypocalcemia.