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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm01:29

Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm

Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration can...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities01:22

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
06:11

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults

Published on: February 9, 2022

Lung recruitment assessed by total respiratory system input reactance.

Raffaele L Dellaca1, Marie Andersson Olerud, Emanuela Zannin

  • 1Dipartimento di Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano University, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy. raffaele.dellaca@polimi.it

Intensive Care Medicine
|October 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

The forced oscillation technique (FOT) can monitor lung derecruitment in piglets. Oscillatory compliance (C (X5)) measured by FOT correlates with non-aerated lung tissue, aiding in tailoring lung-protective ventilation strategies.

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Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
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Published on: July 19, 2013

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
06:11

Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults

Published on: February 9, 2022

Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
09:37

Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: July 19, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Respiratory Mechanics
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are characterized by lung volume derecruitment.
  • Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers (RM) are used to counteract derecruitment.
  • Accurate tailoring of PEEP and RM to individual patient needs is crucial for effective lung protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of using the forced oscillation technique (FOT) to monitor lung volume derecruitment.
  • To assess if FOT-derived parameters can quantify the amount of derecruited lung tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Six piglets underwent mechanical ventilation with an integrated FOT device.
  • Whole-body CT scans measured non-aerated lung tissue (V (tiss)NA%) at end-expiration with zero PEEP.
  • Respiratory system oscillatory input reactance (X (rs)) was measured to derive oscillatory compliance (C (X5)) as an index of recruited lung.

Main Results:

  • A strong linear correlation (r² = 0.89) was observed between C (X5) and V (tiss)NA% across all experimental conditions.
  • Individual pig analysis showed similar strong correlations (r² = 0.91 ± 0.07).
  • This relationship held true irrespective of the method used to induce lung derecruitment (reabsorption atelectasis or pulmonary lavage).

Conclusions:

  • The forced oscillation technique (FOT) shows promise as a non-invasive tool for monitoring lung volume recruitment and derecruitment.
  • Measurement of oscillatory compliance (C (X5)) using FOT can provide a quantitative index of lung aeration status.
  • This technique could potentially aid in optimizing ventilator settings for patients with ALI/ARDS.