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Related Concept Videos

Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Viscosity of Fluid01:19

Viscosity of Fluid

Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the streamlines...
Accelerating Fluids01:17

Accelerating Fluids

When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:

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Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
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Three-dimensional simulation of viscous-flow agglomerate sintering.

M J Kirchhof1, H -J Schmid, W Peukert

  • 1Department of Research and Development, Burgmann Industries GmbH & Co. KG, Aussere Sauerlacher Str. 6-10, 82515 Wolfratshausen, Germany.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|October 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Computer simulations reveal that particle sintering is influenced by morphology and particle size. Early sintering stages are predictable with a new equation, crucial for many particle processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Understanding particle sintering is critical for various industrial processes.
  • Existing models often simplify agglomerate morphology, limiting accuracy.
  • Viscous-flow sintering of complex particle structures requires detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neck growth kinetics during viscous-flow sintering of diverse agglomerate particle morphologies.
  • To explore the influence of primary particle size differences on sintering behavior.
  • To develop a more accurate model for early-stage agglomerate sintering.

Main Methods:

  • Three-dimensional computer simulations utilizing the fractional volume of fluid method.
  • Analysis of neck growth kinetics in agglomerate chains and doublets with varying primary particle sizes.
  • Investigation of sintering behavior across different agglomerate lengths and morphologies.

Main Results:

  • Sintering contacts within agglomerates exhibit interdependence even in early stages.
  • Neck growth kinetics in differently sized particles are dominated by the smaller particle up to a size ratio of ~2.
  • Compact morphologies sinter faster than open ones in advanced stages; early-stage kinetics are morphology-independent.

Conclusions:

  • A novel sintering equation is presented for the crucial initial stages of viscous-flow agglomerate sintering.
  • Simple morphology correction factors are insufficient for accurately describing overall agglomerate sintering kinetics.
  • The simulation methodology is adaptable to various aggregate geometries beyond spherical primary particles.