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Polyomaviruses of nonhuman primates: implications for research
1Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA, USA. meredith.simon@crl.com
Comparative Medicine
|October 2, 2009
Summary
Primate polyomaviruses infect various species, causing latent infections that can lead to severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. Simian virus 40 (SV40) in macaques poses risks for research and potential zoonotic transmission.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Primate Health
Background:
- Polyomaviruses are small, nonenveloped DNA viruses infecting birds and mammals.
- Several polyomaviruses are known in nonhuman primates (NHPs) and humans.
- Simian virus 40 (SV40) in macaques was historically significant as a polio vaccine contaminant.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review known primate polyomaviruses.
- To describe diseases associated with macaque polyomaviruses.
- To highlight concerns regarding SV40 in macaques.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of primate polyomaviruses.
- Analysis of disease associations in macaques.
- Assessment of SV40 zoonotic potential and research impact.
Main Results:
- At least 7 NHP polyomaviruses and 4 human polyomaviruses are described.
- Primate polyomaviruses establish persistent, often asymptomatic infections.
- Immunocompromise can lead to severe disease.
- SV40 in macaques presents risks of confounding research and zoonotic transmission.
Conclusions:
- Primate polyomaviruses are widespread and can cause significant health issues.
- Macaque polyomaviruses, particularly SV40, require careful consideration in research settings.
- The zoonotic potential of SV40 warrants ongoing vigilance.
