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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
Ovaries01:26

Ovaries

The ovaries are roughly the size of almonds and measure approximately 2 to 3 centimeters in length. These paired structures are situated within the pelvic region and are anchored by the mesovarium—a peritoneal extension that also connects them to the wider structure of the broad ligament. The support system extends to the suspensory ligament, housing blood and lymphatic vessels. In addition, the ovarian ligament tethers the ovaries to the uterus.
On the ovarian surface, a layer of cuboidal...
Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Cancer02:18

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

An Ex Vivo Model of Ovarian Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis Using Human Omentum
05:42

An Ex Vivo Model of Ovarian Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis Using Human Omentum

Published on: January 26, 2024

Ovarian cancer.

Bryan T Hennessy1, Robert L Coleman, Maurie Markman

  • 1Department of Gynecologic Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|October 2, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Standard epithelial ovarian cancer treatment involves surgery and chemotherapy. While initial treatments are effective, recurrence is common, necessitating research into novel therapies for improved patient survival and outcomes.

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Quantitation of Intra-peritoneal Ovarian Cancer Metastasis

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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

An Ex Vivo Model of Ovarian Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis Using Human Omentum
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An Ex Vivo Model of Ovarian Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis Using Human Omentum

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Quantitation of Intra-peritoneal Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
10:58

Quantitation of Intra-peritoneal Ovarian Cancer Metastasis

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Transplantation Into the Mouse Ovarian Fat Pad
09:25

Transplantation Into the Mouse Ovarian Fat Pad

Published on: September 7, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Medical Oncology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) management typically includes surgical staging, tumor debulking, and chemotherapy (carboplatin/paclitaxel).
  • Optimal surgical debulking to <1 cm residual disease correlates with better patient outcomes.
  • Most patients (75%) present with advanced disease (Stage III/IV), and despite initial response rates >80%, recurrence is nearly universal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the standard management of epithelial ovarian cancer.
  • To highlight the challenges of tumor recurrence in advanced stages.
  • To discuss potential future therapeutic strategies for improving patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of standard surgical and chemotherapeutic protocols for epithelial ovarian cancer.
  • Analysis of prognostic factors, including surgical debulking extent.
  • Exploration of emerging treatment modalities and drug delivery techniques.

Main Results:

  • Standard treatment offers initial benefit but is often followed by tumor recurrence within a median of 15 months.
  • Second-line treatments can palliate symptoms and improve quality of life but are not curative.
  • Tumor recurrence remains a significant challenge in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in screening, molecular pathogenesis understanding, targeted therapies (e.g., bevacizumab), and intraperitoneal drug delivery are crucial for improving outcomes.
  • Future research should focus on novel therapeutic strategies to overcome treatment resistance and prevent recurrence.
  • Improved patient outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer are anticipated through integrated approaches combining early detection and advanced treatment modalities.