Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...

Antidepressant Drugs: Overview

Antidepressant Drugs: Overview

Antidepressant drugs are a class of medications primarily used for treating various mood disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and other related conditions. These medicines work by modulating the neurotransmitter balance within the brain, alleviating depressive symptoms. Antidepressants can be broadly categorized into several groups according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine...

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy. SP binds and activates these...

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT₃ Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Prediction of migraine treatment response with clinical and genetic data: A machine learning analysis of the HUNT study.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache·2026

Same author

Altered hypothalamic metabolism in chronic cluster headache patients measured with <sup>1</sup>H-MRS at ultra-high magnetic field.

The journal of headache and pain·2026

Same author

Is achieving higher standards in real-world migraine care feasible with anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies preventive therapies?: Insights from the EUREkA cohort.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache·2026

Same author

Machine Diagnostics and Machine Phenotyping of Migraine: A HUNT Study.

Neurology·2026

Same author

The effects of angiotensin receptor blockers as prophylactic migraine treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache·2026

Same author

Correction: What's a migraine day? Towards a consensus definition for clinical care and research - a Delphi panel-based study.

The journal of headache and pain·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

New drugs for migraine.

Lars Jacob Stovner¹, Erling Tronvik, Knut Hagen

¹Norwegian National Headache Centre, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway. lars.stovner@ntnu.no

The Journal of Headache and Pain

|October 2, 2009

Summary

Telcagepant represents a new class of acute migraine treatments, offering a targeted approach. Future migraine therapies require novel drug development alongside optimizing existing options to reduce patient burden.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Pharmacology

Background:

Migraine treatment has historically relied on repurposed drugs.
Triptans were a significant advancement for acute migraine therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the development of acute migraine treatments.
To highlight novel therapeutic strategies and future directions in migraine management.

Main Methods:

Review of pharmacological developments in migraine treatment.
Analysis of existing and emerging drug classes for acute migraine and prophylaxis.

Main Results:

Telcagepant is the first calcitonin gene-related peptide blocker developed specifically for acute migraine.
Repurposed drugs (anticonvulsants, antihypertensives, antidepressants) are used for prophylaxis.

More Related Videos

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Published on: August 11, 2021

An Automated Squint Method for Time-syncing Behavior and Brain Dynamics in Mouse Pain Studies

An Automated Squint Method for Time-syncing Behavior and Brain Dynamics in Mouse Pain Studies

Published on: November 1, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Investigating Migraine-Like Behavior Using Light Aversion in Mice

Published on: August 11, 2021

An Automated Squint Method for Time-syncing Behavior and Brain Dynamics in Mouse Pain Studies

An Automated Squint Method for Time-syncing Behavior and Brain Dynamics in Mouse Pain Studies

Published on: November 1, 2024

New formulations of dihydroergotamine and evidence for common analgesics/anti-inflammatories are emerging.

Novel agents like NOS inhibitors and 5HT1F-receptor agonists show promise in early studies.

Conclusions:

Significant progress has been made in acute migraine treatment with targeted therapies like CGRP blockers.
Future efforts must focus on developing truly novel migraine drugs based on pathophysiological understanding to alleviate the disease burden.