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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Social Defeat Stress Model for Adolescent C57BL/6 Male and Female Mice

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Published on: March 15, 2024

Mapping gray matter development: implications for typical development and vulnerability to psychopathology.

Nitin Gogtay¹, Paul M Thompson

¹Child Psychiatry Branch, NIMH, NIH, Building 10, Rm 3N202, 10 Center Drive, MSC-1600, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. gogtayn@mail.nih.gov

Brain and Cognition

|October 3, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tracks gray matter development in children and adolescents. Advanced 4D models reveal deviations in brain maturation linked to psychiatric disorders and genetic risks.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Neuroscience
Neuroimaging

Background:

Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables longitudinal tracking of brain development in children and adolescents.
Previous studies focused on lobar volumes to understand differential maturation rates across brain regions.

Purpose of the Study:

To explain how advanced brain mapping methods chart dynamic cortical maturation trajectories.
To illustrate the utility of time-lapse models in identifying developmental deviations in psychiatric disorders.

Main Methods:

Utilizing detailed 3D and 4D (dynamic) brain mapping models to visualize cortical maturation.
Analyzing volumetric changes in gray and white matter over time.
Creating time-lapse films to depict developmental trajectories and deviations.

Main Results:

Sophisticated mapping revealed spreading waves of cortical maturation.
Time-lapse films identified characteristic deviations in schizophrenia, bipolar illness, and at-risk siblings.
Methods clarified links between cortical development, cognitive performance, and illness progression.

Conclusions:

Advanced neuroimaging techniques provide a powerful framework for studying factors influencing brain development.
These methods enhance understanding of cortical maturation in relation to psychiatric disorders, genetics, and medication effects.