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Diode: Forward bias

Diode: Forward bias

In semiconductor devices, diodes play a crucial role in directing current flow, and its operation is primarily categorized into forward bias and reverse bias. A diode is said to be forward-biased when its p-type region is connected to the positive terminal of a battery and its n-type region is linked to the negative terminal. This configuration reduces the potential barrier within the diode, allowing current to flow easily from the p to the n-type region.
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Diode-pumped upconversion laser with 100-mW output power.

R R Stephens, R A McFarlane

|October 3, 2009

Summary

Researchers developed a visible upconversion laser using a diode-laser array. This infrared-to-visible laser achieved 100 mW output power with over 5% efficiency at 551 nm.

Area of Science:

Laser Physics
Solid-State Lasers
Optoelectronics

Background:

Upconversion lasers are crucial for generating visible light from infrared sources.
Erbium-doped materials (Er:YLiF4) are known for their upconversion properties.
Diode-laser pumping offers an efficient and compact method for laser excitation.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a high-power visible upconversion laser.
To investigate the efficiency of diode-laser pumping for upconversion processes.
To achieve significant visible output power from an Er:YLiF4 laser.

Main Methods:

Utilized a high-power semiconductor diode-laser array operating at 797 nm as the pump source.
Employed an Erbium-doped Lithium Yttrium Fluoride (Er:YLiF4) crystal as the gain medium.

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Optimized beam geometry and oscillating linewidth of the pump laser for efficient energy transfer.

Main Results:

Achieved a visible output at 551 nm from the Er:YLiF4 upconversion laser.
Obtained 100 mW of visible output power.
Demonstrated a conversion efficiency greater than 5% from infrared to visible light.
Operated the laser at a cryogenic temperature of 48 K.

Conclusions:

High-power diode-laser pumping is effective for Er:YLiF4 upconversion lasers.
Careful control of pump laser parameters is key to maximizing visible output.
This work presents a promising approach for efficient visible laser generation.