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Related Concept Videos

Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element01:16

Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element

To understand shear on the flat side of a prismatic beam element, consider the vertical and horizontal shearing forces, and the normal forces, acting on the element. The element's upper (U) and lower (L) sections, which are divided by the beam's neutral axis, are examined. The equilibrium of these forces is determined by applying the equilibrium equation, which helps identify the horizontal shearing force. This force is directly related to the bending moments and the cross-section's first...
Distribution of Stresses in a Narrow Rectangular Beam01:11

Distribution of Stresses in a Narrow Rectangular Beam

In studying beam stress distribution, examining an elemental section is essential. To determine the average shearing stress on this face, the calculated shear is divided by the surface area. Importantly, shearing stresses on the beam's transverse and horizontal planes mirror each other, indicating a consistent stress distribution along the upper region of the beam. Notably, shearing stresses are absent at the beam's upper and lower surfaces due to the absence of applied forces in these areas.
Bending of Curved Members - Neutral Surface01:16

Bending of Curved Members - Neutral Surface

In curved beams, unlike straight beams, the stress distribution across the cross-section is not uniform due to the beam's curvature. This non-uniformity arises because the neutral axis, where stress is zero, does not align with the centroid of the section. In a curved beam, the strain varies along the section as a function of the distance from the neutral axis.
Consider the curved member described in the previous lesson. According to Hooke's law, which relates stress to strain within the...
Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending01:23

Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending

The design of prismatic beams, structural elements with a uniform cross-section, focuses on ensuring safety and structural integrity under load. The design process begins by determining the allowable stress, either from material properties tables, or by dividing the material's ultimate strength by a safety factor. This safety factor is essential for accommodating uncertainties, and varies depending on the material—timber, steel, or concrete—with each having unique strength and stress...
Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings01:17

Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings

Analyzing a supported beam under unsymmetrical loadings is essential in structural engineering to understand how beams respond to varied force distributions. This analysis involves calculating the deflection and identifying points where the slope of the beam is zero, which are crucial for ensuring structural stability and functionality.
The first moment-area theorem determines the slope at any point on the beam. This theorem indicates that the change in slope between two points on a beam...
Beams with Symmetric Loadings01:15

Beams with Symmetric Loadings

The moment-area method is an analytical tool used in structural engineering to determine the slope and deflection of beams under various loads. Consider a cantilever with a concentrated load and moment at the free end. The first step is constructing a free-body diagram to calculate the reactions at the fixed end. Next, the bending moment diagram is plotted to visualize how the bending moment varies along the beam's length, focusing on points where the bending moment equals zero.
The M/EI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

Beam profile flattener for Gaussian beams.

C Xie, R Gupta, H Metcalf

    Optics Letters
    |October 6, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a new method using an étalon to transform Gaussian laser beams into a flat spatial profile. This technique offers significant advantages over existing beam-shaping methods.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Gaussian laser beams are common but often require modification for specific applications.
    • Existing methods for altering laser beam profiles can be complex or inefficient.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel technique for creating a spatially flat laser beam profile.
    • To demonstrate the effectiveness of using an étalon for beam shaping.

    Main Methods:

    • Exploiting the angular dependence of light transmission through an étalon.
    • Tailoring the spatial profile of a Gaussian laser beam.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully transformed a Gaussian beam profile into a flat profile.
    • Analysis confirmed the method's efficacy and tunable nature across wavelengths.

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    Automatic Laser-based Geometry Capture for Finite Element Analysis of Weld Beads

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    Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces
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    Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces

    Published on: June 7, 2019

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
    12:14

    The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

    Published on: August 12, 2013

    Automatic Laser-based Geometry Capture for Finite Element Analysis of Weld Beads
    07:58

    Automatic Laser-based Geometry Capture for Finite Element Analysis of Weld Beads

    Published on: July 25, 2025

    Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces
    09:33

    Demonstration of Equal-Intensity Beam Generation by Dielectric Metasurfaces

    Published on: June 7, 2019

    Conclusions:

    • The étalon-based technique provides a highly effective and advantageous solution for generating flat laser beam profiles.
    • This method offers superior performance compared to conventional beam-shaping approaches.