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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers

Published on: March 14, 2018

Testing links between childhood positive peer relations and externalizing outcomes through a randomized controlled

Miranda Witvliet¹, Pol A C van Lier, Pim Cuijpers

¹Department of Clinical Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. m.witvliet@psy.vu.nl

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

|October 7, 2009

Summary

The Good Behavior Game intervention improved children's peer relations and reduced externalizing behaviors. Peer acceptance mediated these effects, particularly for boys, highlighting its role in behavior development.

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Area of Science:

Child Psychology
Developmental Psychology
Behavioral Interventions

Background:

Externalizing behaviors in children are a significant concern.
Positive peer relations are linked to better developmental outcomes.
Preventive interventions can impact social and behavioral development.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the impact of the Good Behavior Game (GBG) on peer relations and externalizing behaviors.
To investigate if improved peer relations mediate reductions in externalizing behaviors.
To explore gender differences in the mediating role of peer acceptance.

Main Methods:

Randomized controlled trial with 758 children from kindergarten to 2nd grade.
Intervention group received the Good Behavior Game; control group did not.
Annual assessments of peer relations (acceptance, friendships) and teacher-rated externalizing behavior.

Main Results:

GBG children showed significant improvements in peer relations and reductions in externalizing behavior compared to controls.
Improvements in peer acceptance partially mediated the reduction in externalizing behaviors for boys.
Peer acceptance did not significantly mediate these outcomes for girls.

Conclusions:

The Good Behavior Game is effective in enhancing positive peer relations and reducing externalizing behaviors.
Positive peer relations act as environmental mediators, especially for boys' externalizing behavior.
Findings support the use of GBG as a preventive strategy and highlight the importance of peer relations in development.