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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation01:26

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation

The nursing assessment of the genitourinary (GU) system involves a systematic inspection and palpation to identify abnormalities in the kidneys, bladder, and surrounding structures.InspectionMouth: Inspect for signs of kidney dysfunction, such as stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth) and ammonia breath, which may occur in advanced kidney disease due to the buildup of urea, breaking down into ammonia.Skin: Check for pallor, which could indicate anemia caused by kidney disease. Look for...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Urethroplasty with Pedicled Tunica Vaginalis for the Treatment of Long-segment Anterior Urethral Stricture Caused by Lichen Sclerosus of Glans Penis
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Urethroplasty with Pedicled Tunica Vaginalis for the Treatment of Long-segment Anterior Urethral Stricture Caused by Lichen Sclerosus of Glans Penis

Published on: October 18, 2024

Treating urogenital atrophy.

Candace Brown1, Gloria Bachman

  • 1University of Tennesse Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. csbrown@utmem.edu.

Women'S Health (London, England)
|October 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urogenital atrophy, a common aging symptom, causes distress and sexual dysfunction. Low-dose vaginal estrogen is the recommended treatment for this condition.

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Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
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Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

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Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
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Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing

Published on: August 14, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Gerontology
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Urogenital atrophy is a frequent, yet often overlooked, consequence of aging in women.
  • Symptoms like dryness, itching, and painful intercourse (dyspareunia) are frequently normalized, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
  • Societal and personal embarrassment can prevent women from seeking medical help for these sensitive issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight urogenital atrophy as a treatable condition rather than an inevitable part of aging.
  • To emphasize the importance of addressing patient-reported symptoms of urogenital atrophy.
  • To discuss current treatment standards for urogenital atrophy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical observations and patient-reported outcomes related to urogenital atrophy.
  • Discussion of the established treatment guidelines for urogenital atrophy.
  • Consideration of the impact of the Women's Health Initiative study on treatment recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Urogenital atrophy significantly impacts women's quality of life and sexual health.
  • Estrogen therapy, particularly low-dose vaginal estrogen, is the gold standard for managing urogenital atrophy.
  • Vaginal estrogen delivery is preferred post-Women's Health Initiative findings.

Conclusions:

  • Urogenital atrophy requires clinical attention and is not merely an expected aspect of aging.
  • Effective treatments are available, improving quality of life and sexual function for aging women.
  • Healthcare providers should proactively discuss and treat urogenital atrophy.