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Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

HDL inflammation and atherosclerosis: current and future perspectives.

Tiziana Sampietro1, Federico Bigazzi, Mariarita Puntoni

  • 1CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy.

Future Cardiology
|October 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a crucial role in cardiovascular disease. Lower HDL levels impair cholesterol removal, promoting inflammation and atherosclerosis, suggesting new therapeutic avenues.

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Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
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Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
09:06

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Atherosclerosis Pathogenesis

Background:

  • High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is integral to cardiovascular health.
  • Reduced HDL levels are linked to impaired cholesterol clearance and vascular inflammation.
  • Atherosclerosis development is associated with early inflammatory responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the role of HDL in cardiovascular disease.
  • To provide an educational overview of HDL's biochemical, cellular, and molecular aspects.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies targeting HDL modulation for cardiovascular risk reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on HDL and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of biochemical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms of HDL.
  • Synthesis of current understanding regarding HDL's role in atherosclerosis.

Main Results:

  • Low HDL concentrations hinder cholesterol efflux from the vascular wall.
  • HDL deficiency contributes to the inflammatory processes in atherosclerosis.
  • Recent research highlights potential for HDL-modulating therapies.

Conclusions:

  • HDL's function in cholesterol homeostasis is critical for preventing cardiovascular disease.
  • Understanding HDL's multifaceted roles offers promising therapeutic targets.
  • Modulating HDL levels represents a potential strategy to mitigate cardiovascular risk.