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Trachea

Trachea

The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Seeding and Implantation of a Biosynthetic Tissue-engineered Tracheal Graft in a Mouse Model

Seeding and Implantation of a Biosynthetic Tissue-engineered Tracheal Graft in a Mouse Model

Published on: April 1, 2019

Tissue-engineered trachea for airway reconstruction.

Mark Weidenbecher¹, Harvey M Tucker, David A Gilpin

¹Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Medical Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. mark.weidenbecher@uhhospitals.org

The Laryngoscope

|October 7, 2009

Summary

Tissue-engineered neotracheas showed good biocompatibility for tracheal reconstruction in rabbits. However, lack of an adequate endotracheal lining led to stenosis, limiting long-term success.

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Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Biomaterials Engineering
Surgical Innovation

Background:

Scaffold-free cartilage has demonstrated potential for engineering biocompatible and mechanically stable neotracheas in vivo.
Previous research established the feasibility of using engineered cartilage for tracheal repair.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy of paratracheally implanted neotracheal constructs for segmental tracheal reconstruction in an animal model.
To assess the biocompatibility, mechanical stability, and functional outcomes of tissue-engineered neotracheas in vivo.

Main Methods:

Culture-expanded auricular rabbit chondrocytes were used to create scaffold-free cartilage sheets.
Neotracheal constructs, combined with a strap muscle flap, were implanted paratracheally and later used for 20 mm tracheal defect reconstruction.
Surgical techniques were modified, including variations in muscle flap management and reimplantation for lining formation, to mitigate obstruction and fibrosis.

Main Results:

All implanted neotracheas became vascularized and mechanically stable.
Initial post-reconstruction outcomes were promising, with no immediate respiratory distress observed.
Complications included endotracheal muscle flap edema leading to mortality in one rabbit, and cicatricial stenosis in others, developing within 39 days post-reconstruction.

Conclusions:

Tissue-engineered neotracheas exhibit excellent biocompatibility and stability for physiological function.
The primary limitation identified was the lack of an adequate endotracheal lining, which resulted in neotracheal stenosis.
Further research is needed to optimize the luminal surface of engineered neotracheas to prevent stenosis.