Thriving after hematopoietic stem cell transplant: a focus on positive changes in quality of life

Studies describing the impact of hematopoietic stem cell transplants on patient quality of life have burgeoned in the last several years. The picture of the negative impact of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant on both the short- and long-term quality of life and the extent to which patients return to baseline quality of life functioning is almost complete. However, studies of positive changes in the form of gains or growth are lacking. Reports of psychological growth or benefit-finding have been reported in the context of other significant stressors including cancer. Yet, few studies have examined similar gains experienced by patients and families after hematopoietic stem cell transplant. These studies are reviewed and the authors findings are described, making note of conceptual and methodological challenges in this area. Understanding positive changes and gains in posthematopoietic stem cell transplant provides critical knowledge to inform practice guidelines and interventions designed to both minimize negative and maximize positive outcomes.