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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

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Contact Hypersensitivity as a Murine Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

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Published on: September 26, 2022

Allergic contact dermatitis from carmine.

Daniel W Shaw¹

¹Division of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.

Dermatitis : Contact, Atopic, Occupational, Drug

|October 8, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Allergic contact dermatitis can be caused by carmine, a common cosmetic pigment derived from insects. This study confirms carmine as a trigger for delayed hypersensitivity reactions in susceptible individuals.

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Area of Science:

Dermatology
Allergology
Cosmetic Science

Background:

Carmine, a vibrant red pigment from cochineal insects, is widely used in cosmetics.
While immediate hypersensitivity to carmine is documented, delayed hypersensitivity is less understood.
Previous research on carmine-induced allergic contact dermatitis is limited.

Observation:

A 28-year-old woman presented with allergic contact dermatitis solely after using carmine-containing cosmetics.
She exhibited positive patch and repeated open application test results to carmine.
Thirty other patients tested negative for carmine allergy.

Findings:

Carmine can induce delayed hypersensitivity reactions, manifesting as allergic contact dermatitis.
The specific allergenic component within carmine responsible for these reactions requires further investigation.
This case highlights carmine as a potential allergen in cosmetic products.

Implications:

Cosmetic formulators and dermatologists should consider carmine as a potential contact allergen.
Further research is needed to identify the precise carmine constituent causing delayed hypersensitivity.
Increased awareness can aid in diagnosing and managing carmine-induced allergic contact dermatitis.