Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...

The Thyroid Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Defining Standard Data Reporting in Pelvic Exenterations for Non-Rectal Cancers: A Systematic Review of Current Data Reporting.

Cancers·2025

Same author

COVID-19 in cancer patients: update from the joint analysis of the ESMO-CoCARE, BSMO, and PSMO international databases.

ESMO open·2023

Same author

Percutaneous cryoablation for desmoid fibromatosis: initial experience at a UK centre.

Clinical radiology·2022

Same author

COVID-19 in patients with cancer: first report of the ESMO international, registry-based, cohort study (ESMO-CoCARE).

ESMO open·2022

Same author

Approach to screening for Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) in a cohort of 226 patients with Desmoid-type Fibromatosis (DF): experience of a specialist center in the UK.

Familial cancer·2021

Same author

Implementation of a clinical pathway for the surgical treatment of colorectal cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland·2020

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

Breast cancer in association with thyroid disorders.

V Michalaki¹, A Kondi-Pafiti, S Gennatas

¹Oncology Clinic, Areteion Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Journal of B.U.ON. : Official Journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology

|October 8, 2009

Summary

This study found no significant difference in thyroid disease incidence between breast cancer patients and controls. Breast cancer treatments also did not impact thyroid function tests, suggesting no direct link.

More Related Videos

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy

Published on: May 12, 2023

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Oncology
Immunology

Background:

The link between breast cancer and thyroid disease remains debated.
Previous studies show conflicting results regarding thyroid disease incidence in breast cancer patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the incidence of autoimmune and non-autoimmune thyroid diseases in breast cancer patients.
To compare thyroid disease prevalence in treated breast cancer patients versus healthy controls.
To explore the influence of breast cancer therapy and receptor status on thyroid function.

Main Methods:

Evaluated 143 breast cancer patients and 128 controls using clinical and ultrasound thyroid examinations.
Measured serum thyroid hormones and autoantibodies (anti-TPO, anti-TGB).
Subgrouped patients based on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) status, and treatment type.

Main Results:

No statistically significant difference in the incidence of autoimmune and non-autoimmune thyroid diseases between breast cancer patients and controls.
Serum thyroid autoantibody levels (anti-TPO, anti-TGB) were similar in both groups.
No significant impact of hormonal therapy (tamoxifen) or chemotherapy on thyroid function tests (TSH, fT4) was observed.

Conclusions:

Breast cancer patients and controls exhibit similar rates of thyroid enlargement and disturbances.
No correlation was found between ER/PR status and the presence of serum thyroid autoantibodies.
Further long-term studies with larger cohorts may be needed to confirm the impact of breast cancer therapy on thyroid function.