Correlation of circulating TLR2/4 expression with CD3+/4+/8+ T cells and Treg cells in HBV-related liver cirrhosis

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 play a key role in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the role of TLRs in the pathogenesis of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and their regulation of the innate immune response of patients with liver cirrhosis remain unknown. To assess the contribution of TLR2/4 in HBV-related liver cirrhosis, we examined the expression of circulating TLR2 and TLR4 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-) Treg proportions, and CD3(+)/CD4(+)/CD8(+) T-cell counts in 30 liver cirrhosis patients, 21 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, and 16 normal controls (NC). Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship between TLR2/4 expression and Treg proportions and T-cell counts. We show that the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 was significantly upregulated in patients with liver cirrhosis compared to NC. TLR4 expression was significantly increased in patients with liver cirrhosis compared to patients with CHB, and for TLR2 expression there were no differences between them. TLR4 expression showed a significant positive correlation with the frequency of Tregs in liver cirrhosis patients. TLR2 expression negatively correlated with CD3(+)/CD4(+)/CD8(+) T-cell counts and HBV viral load in patients with liver cirrhosis. These findings indicate that TLR may be involved in the pathogenesis of HBV-related liver cirrhosis, and may interact with Tregs and CD3(+)/CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cells in the immune response during HBV-related liver cirrhosis.