Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.
Hormonal Regulation01:40

Hormonal Regulation

Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The menopausal hot flush: a review.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2017
Same author

Personal opinion: Treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy--are hidden interests and misinformation preventing better management?

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2015
Same author

Risks and benefits of hormone therapy: has medical dogma now been overturned?

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2014
Same author

IMS study of climate, altitude, temperature and vasomotor symptoms in the United Arab Emirates.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2014
Same author

An International Menopause Society study of climate, altitude, temperature (IMS-CAT) and vasomotor symptoms in urban Indian regions.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2013
Same author

Updated 2013 International Menopause Society recommendations on menopausal hormone therapy and preventive strategies for midlife health.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2013
Same journal

The International Menopause Society celebrates another milestone.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2026
Same journal

Impact of social determinants of health on perimenopause symptom burden: insights from the Flo app.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2026
Same journal

From tissue to outcome - how perioperative vaginal estrogen transforms prolapse surgery results: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical evidence and outcomes.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2026
Same journal

Mapping menopause education for healthcare professionals: a scoping review.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2026
Same journal

Portuguese osteopaths' perceptions on the management of musculoskeletal conditions in menopausal women.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2026
Same journal

Perimenopausal migraine: a narrative review.

Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
06:18

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

Published on: August 13, 2019

Menopause and hormone replacement. Introduction

D W Sturdee

    Climacteric : the Journal of the International Menopause Society
    |October 9, 2009
    PubMed
    Summary

    No abstract available in PubMed .

    More Related Videos

    Ovariectomy and 17β-estradiol Replacement in Rats and Mice: A Visual Demonstration
    06:51

    Ovariectomy and 17β-estradiol Replacement in Rats and Mice: A Visual Demonstration

    Published on: June 7, 2012

    A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
    14:26

    A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice

    Published on: April 7, 2014

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

    An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
    06:18

    An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

    Published on: August 13, 2019

    Ovariectomy and 17β-estradiol Replacement in Rats and Mice: A Visual Demonstration
    06:51

    Ovariectomy and 17β-estradiol Replacement in Rats and Mice: A Visual Demonstration

    Published on: June 7, 2012

    A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
    14:26

    A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice

    Published on: April 7, 2014