Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Biological Effects of Radiation

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...

Nuclear Power

Nuclear Power

Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...

Types of Radioactivity

Types of Radioactivity

The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:

Radiation: Applications

Radiation: Applications

The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...

Absorption of Radiation

Absorption of Radiation

The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons being...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Complete transposition of the great arteries with a patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, and juxta-arterial ventricular septal defect in a cat.

Journal of veterinary cardiology : the official journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology·2025

Same author

[Efficacy of vacuum sealing drainage in the management of full-thickness incision dehiscence wounds in the perineum after total pelvic exenteration].

Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery·2025

Same author

[Whole-course management of abdominal opening with enteroatmospheric fistula].

Zhonghua wei chang wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery·2025

Same author

[Structural equation analysis and modeling of fect and ankles WMSDs and its adverse ergonomic factors].

Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases·2025

Same author

[Impact of ambient air pollution on hospital visits for mental and behavioral disorders among residents in an industrial area in Henan Province from 2016 to 2021].

Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]·2024

Same author

[Dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma/undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma with loss of expression of SMARCA4: clinicopathological features analysis].

Zhonghua fu chan ke za zhi·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

Operational radiation protection in high-energy physics accelerators.

S H Rokni¹, A Fassò, J C Liu

¹SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. rokni@slac.standford.edu

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

|October 9, 2009

Summary

This study outlines radiation protection (RP) practices for high-energy physics accelerators. It details managing radiation fields, access control, and implementing comprehensive RP programs for safety.

More Related Videos

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments

Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments

Published on: May 26, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments

Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments

Published on: May 26, 2019

Area of Science:

High-energy physics accelerator operations
Radiation protection (RP)
Nuclear safety and environmental management

Background:

High-energy electron and proton accelerators generate unique radiation fields and hazards.
Effective radiation protection policies and practices are crucial for operational safety in physics research facilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of operational radiation protection policies and practices at high-energy accelerators.
To describe radiation fields, hazards, and control systems.
To illustrate the implementation of a comprehensive operational RP program.

Main Methods:

Description of radiation fields and hazards specific to high-energy accelerators.
Explanation of access control and radiation control systems.
Illustration of an operational RP program encompassing monitoring, surveys, environmental protection, waste management, and decommissioning.

Main Results:

Detailed characterization of radiation environments and associated risks.
Implementation strategies for area and personnel classification and monitoring.
Framework for managing induced radioactivity, radioactive materials, and waste.

Conclusions:

A robust operational radiation protection program is essential for safe physics research at high-energy accelerators.
Effective management of radiation fields, access, monitoring, and waste is critical.
Continuous training and appropriate instrumentation are vital components of the RP program.