Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach
Published on: June 10, 2021
Synthesis and photophysics of ambipolar fluoren-9-ylidene malononitrile derivatives
Leandro A Estrada1, Douglas C Neckers
1Center for Photochemical Sciences at Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, USA.
Abstract:
The efficient synthesis of ambipolar 2,7- and 3,6-disubstituted fluoren-9-ylidene malononitrile derivatives (4 and 9) is described. Structure-activity relationships depend on the position of substitution. Population of the S(1) excited state in the 2,7-disubstituted FM derivatives is achieved via higher states, as evidenced from the UV-vis absorption and emission spectra. The results are supported by TDDFT calculations. Charge transfer states were the main deactivation path of the excited states of ambipolar 9b in polar solvents, as evidenced by fluorescence spectroscopy.
More Related Videos
12:07Microwave-assisted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes/Solvatochromic Dyes
Published on: April 1, 2013
08:51Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core
Published on: October 24, 2017
Related Concept Videos
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene
Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence
Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
A pair of electrons in a...
Photoluminescence: Applications
Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview