Prevention of sudden death by beta-blockade

Beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents have been used to relieve symptoms mainly in patients with ischemic heart disease. Prophylactic use of beta blockade in patients after acute myocardial infarction has shown a reduction in total mortality and also in sudden death. The overall total mortality reduction amounts to about 30%, whereas the reduction in the sudden death rate is 50%. The mechanisms behind this reduction in sudden death are probably manifold. Antiarrhythmic effects in ischemic myocardium, prevention of new ischemia, and also perhaps other factors may play a role. Apart from the prevention effect in chronic ischemic heart disease, beta blockers have also been able to reduce the sudden death rate in the long QT syndrome and are suggested for use in congestive cardiomyopathy.