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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...

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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Murine Model of Hyperlipidemia&#45;Induced Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
03:42

A Murine Model of Hyperlipidemia-Induced Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: March 29, 2024

Lipotoxicity in the heart.

Adam R Wende1, E Dale Abel

  • 1Program in Molecular Medicine and Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
|October 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity and insulin resistance cause harmful fat buildup in the heart, leading to cell damage (lipotoxicity). This review explores how this cardiac lipotoxicity occurs and what research is still needed.

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Slicing and Culturing Pig Hearts under Physiological Conditions
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Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Murine Model of Hyperlipidemia&#45;Induced Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
03:42

A Murine Model of Hyperlipidemia-Induced Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: March 29, 2024

Slicing and Culturing Pig Hearts under Physiological Conditions
07:54

Slicing and Culturing Pig Hearts under Physiological Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Metabolic Disease Research

Background:

  • Obesity and insulin resistance are linked to ectopic lipid deposition in tissues like the heart.
  • Excess lipids can lead to cellular dysfunction and apoptosis, a process known as lipotoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review proposed mechanisms of lipotoxic injury in the heart.
  • To summarize current knowledge on causes and correlates of increased myocardial lipid content.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on mechanisms of cardiac lipotoxicity.
  • Analysis of findings from animal models and human studies.

Main Results:

  • Ectopic lipid deposition contributes to cardiac dysfunction.
  • Lipotoxicity involves complex pathophysiological pathways that may vary by cell type.
  • Mechanisms of cardiac lipotoxicity are being elucidated but remain incompletely understood.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is warranted to fully understand cardiac lipotoxicity.
  • Clarifying lipotoxic mechanisms is crucial for addressing heart dysfunction in metabolic diseases.