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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
Forward or “classical” genetic screens involve creating random mutations in an organism’s DNA using radiation, mutagens, or insertion of additional bases, which result in visible changes...
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview01:29

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview

Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Screening for Functional Non-coding Genetic Variants Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) and DNA-affinity Precipitation Assay (DAPA)
11:35

Screening for Functional Non-coding Genetic Variants Using Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) and DNA-affinity Precipitation Assay (DAPA)

Published on: August 21, 2016

VIGS--genomics goes functional.

Annette Becker1, Matthias Lange

  • 1University of Bremen, Germany, Evolutionary Developmental Genetics Group, 28359 Bremen, Germany. annette.becker@uni-bremen.de <annette.becker@uni-bremen.de>

Trends in Plant Science
|October 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful tool for plant gene functional analysis, especially in species difficult for genetic transformation. Recent high-throughput VIGS methods further unlock the potential of genomic and transcriptome data.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genomics
  • Functional genomics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Genome and EST sequencing projects yield vast plant sequence data.
  • Functional genomics is challenging for many important plant species, particularly those resistant to stable genetic transformation.
  • Existing methods limit the exploitation of extensive genomic and transcriptomic information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight Virus-induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) as a key technology for plant functional genomics.
  • To emphasize the utility of VIGS for species recalcitrant to genetic transformation.
  • To showcase recent advancements enabling high-throughput VIGS applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Virus-induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) for gene functional analysis.
  • Applying VIGS in plant species not amenable to stable genetic transformation.
  • Implementing high-throughput VIGS approaches.

Main Results:

  • VIGS enables functional genomics in challenging plant species.
  • High-throughput VIGS accelerates the analysis of gene function.
  • VIGS effectively complements genome and transcriptome sequencing projects.

Conclusions:

  • VIGS is an indispensable tool for plant functional genomics.
  • Advancements in VIGS enhance its applicability and throughput.
  • VIGS maximizes the value derived from plant sequencing initiatives.