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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Published on: September 20, 2020

Working memory plasticity modulated by dopamine transporter genotype.

Yvonne Brehmer1, Helena Westerberg, Martin Bellander

  • 1Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. Yvonne.Brehmer@ki.se

Neuroscience Letters
|October 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic variations in the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene influence brain plasticity. Dopamine transporter (DAT1) 9/10-repeat carriers showed greater working memory (WM) improvements after training than 10-repeat carriers.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Dopamine (DA) plays a crucial role in working memory (WM) functioning.
  • The dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene (SLC6A3) regulates striatal DA availability.
  • DAT1 10-repeat allele homozygosity is associated with reduced dopaminergic pathway activity compared to DAT1 9/10-repeat carriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of DAT1 gene variations on cognitive training-related plasticity in working memory.
  • To determine if DAT1 genotype influences the magnitude of working memory improvements following training.
  • To compare training-induced WM plasticity with baseline cognitive performance across different DAT1 genotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Recruitment of younger adults genotyped for DAT1 (SLC6A3) variations (9/10-repeat vs. 10-repeat homozygosity).
  • Implementation of a 4-week computerized adaptive training program targeting multiple working memory tasks.
  • Assessment of working memory performance and other cognitive abilities before and after the training intervention.

Main Results:

  • All participants demonstrated performance improvements attributable to training.
  • DAT1 9/10-repeat carriers exhibited significantly larger gains in visuospatial working memory compared to DAT1 10-repeat carriers.
  • No significant differences in baseline working memory or other cognitive tasks were observed between the genotypic groups.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory plasticity, as measured by training-related gains, is a more sensitive indicator of DAT1 gene-associated cognitive differences than static performance scores.
  • Individual differences in DAT1 genotype may modulate the capacity for cognitive enhancement through working memory training.
  • These findings highlight the importance of genetic factors in understanding individual variability in cognitive plasticity.