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Updated: Jun 19, 2026
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Published on: August 5, 2021
[Acute retinal necrosis: Clinical features and therapy options].
J Hillenkamp1, B Nölle, P Rautenberg
1Klinik für Ophthalmologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller Str. 3, Haus 25, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland. hillenka@hotmail.com
Summary
Varicella zoster virus and herpes simplex virus cause acute retinal necrosis (ARN), leading to vision loss from retinal ischemia. Early diagnosis and treatment with acyclovir and corticosteroids are crucial for managing ARN.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Acute retinal necrosis (ARN) is a severe intraocular inflammation.
- Varicella zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) are primary causative agents.
- Retinal ischemia and optic nerve atrophy contribute to poor visual outcomes in ARN.
Purpose:
- To outline the diagnosis and management of acute retinal necrosis.
- To emphasize the importance of early intervention in ARN cases.
- To discuss treatment strategies for severe ARN.
Summary:
- ARN is most commonly caused by VZV, followed by HSV.
- Intravenous acyclovir and systemic corticosteroids are essential for treatment.
- Severe ARN necessitates early vitrectomy, intravitreal therapies, and potential laser retinopexy.
Impact:
- Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can improve visual outcomes in ARN patients.
- Understanding ARN's pathogenesis may lead to more targeted therapies.
- Further research is needed to clarify the role of prophylactic laser retinopexy and ARN severity predictors.
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