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Related Concept Videos

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...

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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

Ribavirin monotherapy for chronic hepatitis C.

Jesper Brok1, Lise Lotte Gluud, Christian Gluud

  • 1Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group, Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Department 3344, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen, Denmark, DK-2100.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|October 13, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ribavirin monotherapy for hepatitis C showed no significant benefit in virological response or mortality but increased adverse events like anemia. It is less effective than interferon and not recommended outside clinical trials.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chronic hepatitis C is a significant global health concern, leading to liver disease and mortality.
  • While peginterferon plus ribavirin is standard, ribavirin monotherapy is sometimes considered.
  • Understanding the efficacy and safety of ribavirin monotherapy is crucial for treatment decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the beneficial and harmful effects of ribavirin monotherapy in chronic hepatitis C patients.
  • To compare ribavirin monotherapy against placebo, no intervention, or interferon.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 randomized controlled trials involving 657 patients.
  • Primary outcomes included sustained virological response, liver-related morbidity, all-cause mortality, and adverse events.
  • Data analysis employed fixed-effect and random-effects models, presenting results as risk difference with 95% confidence intervals.

Main Results:

  • Ribavirin monotherapy showed no significant effect on sustained or end-of-treatment virological response compared to placebo.
  • No significant impact on liver-related morbidity or mortality was observed.
  • Ribavirin significantly increased adverse events, particularly anemia, and was inferior to interferon in virological and biochemical responses.

Conclusions:

  • Ribavirin monotherapy demonstrates no clear benefits for virological response or liver disease outcomes in chronic hepatitis C.
  • The therapy significantly elevates the risk of adverse reactions and is less effective than interferon.
  • Ribavirin monotherapy is not recommended outside of rigorous randomized clinical trials due to limited efficacy and safety concerns.