Pharmacokinetics of GM1 ganglioside following parenteral administration

The pharmacokinetic parameters of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) have been determined in healthy volunteers at 3 dose levels: 100, 200, 300 mg. Each dose was administered to separate groups of 12 volunteers. GM1 levels were determined in plasma, urine, and faeces by a method based on the property of the cholera toxin beta subunit to react specifically with GM1 ganglioside. A non-compartmental model was applied to determine standard pharmacokinetic parameters. The average AUC increased with dose (1002 +/- 121.2, 1306 +/- 146.1, 3155 +/- 121.6 micrograms mL-1 h after 100, 200, 300 mg, respectively). Plasma clearance was less than 3 mL min-1 and the distribution volume was close to the plasma volume (on average between 4.3 and 7.2 L). Mean residence time was about 43 h for all doses. GM1 was not detected in urine, while in faeces the amount of GM1 determined was similar to the baseline values obtained before dosing.