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Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Published on: August 24, 2015

Herpes simplex virus infection and pemphigus.

A V Marzano¹, A Tourlaki, V Merlo

¹Istituto di Scienze Dermatologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milano, Italy.

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology

|October 14, 2009

Summary

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is unlikely to trigger pemphigus, an autoimmune blistering disease. However, HSV-1 infection frequently complicates immunosuppressive therapy in pemphigus patients.

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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

Area of Science:

Immunodermatology
Virology
Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease targeting keratinocyte adhesion molecules.
Potential triggers for pemphigus include viruses like herpes simplex virus (HSV).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether HSV infection triggers or exacerbates pemphigus.
To differentiate between HSV as a cause versus a consequence of pemphigus treatment.

Main Methods:

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of skin and oral swabs from 35 pemphigus patients.
Analysis of HSV prevalence in newly diagnosed versus corticosteroid-treated patients.
Repeat swabs after initiating intensive immunosuppressive therapy.

Main Results:

No HSV detected in skin swabs.
HSV-1 detected in oral swabs of 5/12 (41.7%) treated patients vs. 0/19 (0%) untreated patients (p=0.0067).
5/8 (62.5%) HSV-negative patients became positive after intensive immunosuppression.

Conclusions:

HSV is unlikely to be an initial trigger for pemphigus.
HSV-1 infection is a frequent and early complication of immunosuppressive therapy in pemphigus.
Antiviral therapy may be indicated in pemphigus patients developing HSV during treatment.