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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization
Published on: October 3, 2025
Targeting oncogenic signaling pathways by exploiting nanotechnology
Sudipta Basu1, Padmaparna Chaudhuri, Shiladitya Sengupta
1Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract:
Two scientific areas have recently emerged that can revolutionize cancer chemotherapy. First, an understanding of the different cellular signaling pathways implicated in the development and progression of cancer resulting in poor prognosis and drug resistance, have identified potential drug targets. Inhibitors of signal transduction pathways are currently in the clinics. Secondly, nanotechnology has emerged as an exciting multidisciplinary field promising to provide breakthrough solutions to the problems of optimizing the efficacy or therapeutic index of anticancer agents. The promise of nanotechnology lies in the ability to engineer customizable nanoscale constructs that can be loaded with one or more payloads such as chemotherapeutics, targeting units, imaging and diagnostic agents. This review addresses the potential integration of these two approaches to engineer nanoparticles that can target various signal transduction pathways in cancer.
Insights
Revolutionary cancer chemotherapy combines cellular signaling pathway insights with nanotechnology. This approach engineers targeted nanoparticles to deliver chemotherapy drugs, improving treatment efficacy and overcoming drug resistance for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology and Nanomedicine
- Cancer Signaling Pathways
- Nanotechnology Applications in Drug Delivery
Background:
- Cancer chemotherapy faces challenges with drug resistance and limited efficacy.
- Cellular signaling pathways are crucial in cancer development, progression, and treatment resistance.
- Nanotechnology offers novel platforms for enhancing anticancer agent delivery and targeting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the integration of cancer signaling pathway knowledge and nanotechnology.
- To review the engineering of nanoparticles for targeted cancer therapy.
- To discuss the potential of nanomedicine in overcoming chemotherapy limitations.
Main Methods:
- Review of current research on cancer signaling pathways.
- Analysis of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems.
- Discussion of nanoparticle design for targeting specific cancer pathways.
Main Results:
- Identification of key signaling pathways as potential drug targets.
- Development of customizable nanoparticles for drug payload delivery.
- Demonstration of nanotechnology's potential to improve therapeutic index.
Conclusions:
- Integrating nanotechnology with signaling pathway knowledge can revolutionize cancer chemotherapy.
- Targeted nanoparticles offer a promising strategy to enhance drug efficacy and overcome resistance.
- This interdisciplinary approach holds significant potential for future cancer treatment.
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