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Interaction of MRI field gradients with the human body

P M Glover1

  • 1The Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. paul.glover@Nottingham.ac.uk

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|October 15, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Low-frequency electromagnetic fields in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can cause peripheral nerve stimulation, leading to tingling or pain. This review examines MRI nerve stimulation models, experimental data, and current safety regulations.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Biophysics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) utilizes low-frequency electromagnetic fields.
  • Gradient switching in MRI generates fields between 100 and 5000 Hz.
  • These fields can induce biological effects, primarily peripheral nerve stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of low-frequency electromagnetic fields during MRI.
  • To examine models of MRI-induced peripheral nerve stimulation.
  • To discuss current regulations and practices concerning MRI safety.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nerve stimulation.
  • Analysis of experimental measurements.
  • Examination of analytical and computational modeling studies.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral nerve stimulation is the primary biological effect of MRI's low-frequency fields.
  • Stimulation can range from mild tingling to painful sensations.
  • Models relate nerve stimulation to the rate of change of magnetic fields.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding MRI-induced nerve stimulation is crucial for patient safety.
  • Current regulations and practices aim to mitigate these effects.
  • Further research may refine safety guidelines for MRI procedures.

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