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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

A Cell Free Assay System Estimating the Neutralizing Capacity of GM-CSF Antibody using Recombinant Soluble GM-CSF Receptor
Published on: June 27, 2011
Involvement of granulocyte factor (GF) in receptor-triggered stimulation of lymphocytes and neutrophils
H Tchórzewski1, K Zeman, Z Sulowska
1Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lódź, Poland.
Abstract:
Granulocyte factor derived from the specific granules of polymorphonuclear neutrophils affects mitogen--and alloantigen--induced proliferation of human lymphocytes "in vitro". A dual pattern of GF effect was noted: inhibition of mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation in higher concentrations and costimulatory activity in lower concentrations of GF. GF induced the lymphocyte proliferation in combination with phorbol ester (PMA) or anti-CD2 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with PMA. Other combinations of anti-CD2 and anti-CD3 mAb with GF do not augment the proliferation. The comitogenic activities of GF are associated with IL-2 production and IL-2R expression. Specific binding of labelled GF to stimulated lymphocytes suggests that it may recognize the specific molecule expressed only an activated cells. GF diminishes the zymosan-induced granulocyte stimulation, but GF acts as a stimulator of granulocyte O2 production. GF may recognize common targets on leukocytes. Leukocyte adhesive glycoproteins may be such putative targets.
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