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Related Experiment Videos

Transport and assembly processes in the endoplasmic reticulum.

M J Gething1, J Sambrook

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235.

Seminars in Cell Biology
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is not an open pathway for protein transport. Resident ER proteins actively monitor and facilitate protein folding and assembly before passage to the Golgi apparatus.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Protein Folding

Background:

  • Previously, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was viewed as a passive conduit for protein transport.
  • Protein folding and assembly were assumed to be spontaneous processes.
  • The ER's role in protein processing was considered unregulated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence challenging the passive ER model.
  • To summarize the role of resident ER proteins in protein quality control.
  • To highlight the ER's function as a discriminatory organelle.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on ER protein processing.
  • Analysis of studies on resident ER proteins.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on protein folding and translocation.

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Main Results:

  • The ER actively discriminates protein passage based on conformational state.
  • Resident ER proteins play crucial roles in facilitating and monitoring protein folding.
  • The ER ensures proteins achieve a native conformation before further transport.

Conclusions:

  • The endoplasmic reticulum is a highly regulated organelle, not an open corridor.
  • Resident ER proteins are essential for ensuring protein quality and proper folding.
  • Protein translocation is contingent upon achieving a specific conformation within the ER.