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Analysis of Amblyomma surveillance data in the Caribbean: lessons for future control programmes
S Ahoussou1, R Lancelot, B Sanford
1Centre International de Recherche en Agriculture pour le Développement, CIRAD/INRA, Prise d'Eau 97170, Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe.
Veterinary Parasitology
|October 17, 2009
Summary
The Caribbean Amblyomma Programme reduced Tropical Bont Tick (TBT) infestations in livestock through treatment and surveillance. Long-term data revealed seasonal risks and farm factors influencing TBT presence, aiding future control strategies.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Entomology
- Parasitology
- Tropical Animal Health
Background:
- Amblyomma variegatum, the Tropical Bont Tick (TBT), causes significant economic losses in Caribbean livestock due to heartwater and dermatophilosis.
- The Caribbean Amblyomma Programme (CAP) aimed to eradicate TBT through control and surveillance across 11 islands from 1995-2007.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze TBT surveillance data from four Eastern Caribbean islands (Nevis, St Kitts, St Lucia, Barbados) between 1997-2006.
- To describe TBT infestation trends and identify factors associated with herd infestation.
- To provide recommendations for improving future TBT control and surveillance.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of a unique regional database of TBT surveillance data collected from 1997-2006.
- Logistic regression modeling to identify factors associated with TBT-infested herds.
- Evaluation of surveillance effort adequacy and TBT seasonality.
Main Results:
- Treatment programs were linked to a reduction in TBT-infested farms.
- Inadequate surveillance levels were noted, particularly in St Kitts.
- Third-quarter seasonality and the presence of cattle were significant factors associated with TBT infestation risk in specific islands.
Conclusions:
- Long-term, adequate surveillance data are crucial for effective tick control programs.
- Understanding seasonal patterns and farm-specific factors enhances the identification of infestation risks.
- The findings support improved national and regional strategies for managing Tropical Bont Tick.
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