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Labeling hESCs and hMSCs with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Non-Invasive in vivo Tracking with MR Imaging
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Durable mesenchymal stem cell labelling by using polyhedral superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles.

Hao-Hao Wang1, Yi-Xiang J Wang, Ken Cham-Fai Leung

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|October 17, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Amine-modified superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) offer superior mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) labeling for MRI. These non-toxic nanoparticles maintain MSC function and provide durable MRI contrast in vivo.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles are utilized for biomedical imaging.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising for regenerative medicine but require effective tracking.
  • Current MSC labeling methods often necessitate transfecting agents, potentially affecting cell viability and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate amine-functionalized silica-coated SPIO nanoparticles (SPIO@SiO(2)-NH(2)) for efficient and safe MSC labeling.
  • To assess the impact of these nanoparticles on MSC viability, proliferation, and differentiation potential.
  • To determine the in vivo MRI labeling efficacy and durability of SPIO@SiO(2)-NH(2) labeled MSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of polyhedral SPIO nanoparticles coated with silica (SPIO@SiO(2)) and subsequent amine functionalization (SPIO@SiO(2)-NH(2)).
  • In vitro assessment of MSC labeling efficiency, cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation (osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic).
  • In vivo implantation of labeled MSCs in rabbit brain and erector spinae muscle, followed by MRI evaluation at 8-12 weeks.

Main Results:

  • Amine surface modification significantly enhanced MSC labeling efficiency compared to non-modified nanoparticles.
  • Controlled labeling with SPIO@SiO(2) and SPIO@SiO(2)-NH(2) did not inhibit MSC proliferation or cause cell death.
  • Labeled MSCs retained their differentiation potential into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages.
  • In vivo studies demonstrated long-lasting and durable MRI labeling of MSCs in rabbit brain and muscle tissues for 8-12 weeks.

Conclusions:

  • Amine-functionalized SPIO nanoparticles (SPIO@SiO(2)-NH(2)) are highly effective and non-toxic agents for labeling MSCs.
  • This labeling strategy preserves critical MSC functions, including differentiation potential.
  • SPIO@SiO(2)-NH(2) nanoparticles offer a promising tool for durable in vivo tracking of MSCs using MRI.