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Related Concept Videos

Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Bioreactor Controls-III01:22

Bioreactor Controls-III

Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

RIBO-seq in Bacteria: a Sample Collection and Library Preparation Protocol for NGS Sequencing
12:05

RIBO-seq in Bacteria: a Sample Collection and Library Preparation Protocol for NGS Sequencing

Published on: August 7, 2021

[Advance in microbial ribosome engineering].

Shujie Xie1, Jing Xiao, Jun Xu

  • 1Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, The Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China. xieshujie40@163.com

Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao = Acta Microbiologica Sinica
|October 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ribosome engineering uses drug-resistance mutations to enhance antibiotic production in bacteria. This method improves secondary metabolism by altering ribosome and RNA polymerase functions, leading to better yields in microbial strains.

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Engineering 'Golden' Fluorescence by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids and Protein Analysis by Mass Spectrometry and Fluorescence
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Engineering 'Golden' Fluorescence by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids and Protein Analysis by Mass Spectrometry and Fluorescence

Published on: April 27, 2018

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data
08:23

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

Published on: February 18, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

RIBO-seq in Bacteria: a Sample Collection and Library Preparation Protocol for NGS Sequencing
12:05

RIBO-seq in Bacteria: a Sample Collection and Library Preparation Protocol for NGS Sequencing

Published on: August 7, 2021

Engineering 'Golden' Fluorescence by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids and Protein Analysis by Mass Spectrometry and Fluorescence
11:51

Engineering 'Golden' Fluorescence by Selective Pressure Incorporation of Non-canonical Amino Acids and Protein Analysis by Mass Spectrometry and Fluorescence

Published on: April 27, 2018

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data
08:23

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

Published on: February 18, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Context:

  • Drug-resistance mutations in microorganisms alter ribosome and RNA polymerase structure and function.
  • These alterations significantly impact the secondary metabolism of mutant strains.
  • Ribosome engineering emerges as a key strategy for microbial strain improvement.

Purpose:

  • To introduce the concept and mechanisms of ribosome engineering.
  • To demonstrate its efficacy in enhancing secondary metabolite production, specifically antibiotics.
  • To summarize applications in breeding various bacterial strains.

Summary:

  • Ribosome engineering leverages drug-resistance mutations to modify microbial cellular machinery.
  • Screening for resistance mutations allows for the development of strains overproducing secondary metabolites like antibiotics.
  • Combinatory drug-resistances in Streptomyces spp. show significant strain improvement.

Impact:

  • Provides an effective approach for developing high-yield microbial strains for antibiotic production.
  • Facilitates the advancement of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering.
  • Broadens the application of ribosome engineering across diverse bacterial species for biotechnological purposes.