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[Pneumothorax in neonates and infants].
J Teixidor de Otto1, J A Zapico, F Rivilla
1Servicio de Cirugía Infantil Hospital Universitario Covadonga, Oviedo/Spanien.
Langenbecks Archiv Fur Chirurgie. Supplement II, Verhandlungen Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Chirurgie. Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Chirurgie. Kongress
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Pneumothorax in infants and newborns, often caused by ventilation or congenital issues, was treated effectively with pleural puncture and drainage. Early diagnosis and intervention significantly reduced mortality rates to 17.4%.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Surgery
- Pulmonology
Context:
- Pneumothorax presents diverse etiologies in neonates and infants, including mechanical ventilation, congenital anomalies, and infections.
- A 15-year retrospective study analyzed 105 cases of pneumothorax, with 96 involving newborns.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the treatment outcomes and mortality associated with pneumothorax in a neonatal and infant population.
- To identify the primary causes and effective management strategies for infant pneumothorax.
Summary:
- The primary treatment involved pleural puncture with drainage and antimicrobial therapy.
- The study included 105 cases of pneumothorax, predominantly in newborns (96 cases).
- Key etiologies identified were alveolar disruption from ventilation/resuscitation, surgical complications (CDH, EA), staphylococcal pneumonia, and thoracic trauma.
Impact:
- Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of pneumothorax and associated anomalies led to a reduced mortality rate of 17.4%.
- This study highlights the effectiveness of established interventions in improving survival rates for neonatal pneumothorax.