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Related Concept Videos

Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
Smallpox01:24

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation
10:58

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation

Published on: August 21, 2019

Vaccines for military use.

Andrew W Artenstein1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02860, USA. artenstein@brown.edu

Vaccine
|October 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Military forces utilize vaccines to prevent diseases and protect personnel, a practice dating back to the 18th century. This includes protection against natural and bioterrorism threats, expanding to civilian populations during global missions.

Area of Science:

  • Military medicine
  • Vaccinology
  • Infectious disease prevention

Background:

  • Historical use of vaccines in military forces since the 18th century.
  • Vaccination is crucial for preserving military fighting strength against communicable diseases.
  • Modern military roles include humanitarian and peacekeeping missions, necessitating broader vaccine application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical and current role of vaccines in military health.
  • To highlight the expansion of military vaccination strategies to include civilian populations.
  • To emphasize the ongoing need for vaccine development against military-relevant infectious diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of military vaccination practices.
  • Analysis of vaccine deployment in contemporary military operations.

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Synthesis and Characterization of mRNA-Loaded Poly(Beta Aminoesters) Nanoparticles for Vaccination Purposes
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Synthesis and Characterization of mRNA-Loaded Poly(Beta Aminoesters) Nanoparticles for Vaccination Purposes

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation
10:58

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation

Published on: August 21, 2019

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors
09:16

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors

Published on: October 30, 2016

Synthesis and Characterization of mRNA-Loaded Poly(Beta Aminoesters) Nanoparticles for Vaccination Purposes
08:27

Synthesis and Characterization of mRNA-Loaded Poly(Beta Aminoesters) Nanoparticles for Vaccination Purposes

Published on: August 13, 2021

  • Examination of emerging infectious disease threats and their impact on military readiness.
  • Main Results:

    • Vaccination has been a cornerstone of military health preservation for centuries.
    • Military vaccination programs now encompass routine, deployment-based, and threat-specific immunizations.
    • Military vaccine initiatives increasingly support global health security and civilian populations.

    Conclusions:

    • Vaccines are indispensable for maintaining military force readiness.
    • The scope of military vaccination must adapt to evolving global health challenges and new threats.
    • Continued development and promotion of vaccines are vital for addressing infectious diseases of military significance.