Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Opsono-Adherence Assay to Evaluate Functional Antibodies in Vaccine Development Against Bacillus anthracis and Other Encapsulated Pathogens
Published on: May 19, 2020
Advances in the development of next-generation anthrax vaccines
Arthur M Friedlander1, Stephen F Little
1United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Headquarters, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, MD 21702-5011, USA. arthur.friedlander@us.army.mil
Abstract:
Anthrax, a disease of herbivores, only rarely infects humans. However, the threat of using Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent, to intentionally produce disease has been the impetus for development of next-generation vaccines. Two licensed vaccines have been available for human use for several decades. These are composed of acellular culture supernatants containing the protective antigen (PA) component of the anthrax toxins. In this review we summarize the various approaches used to develop improved vaccines. These efforts have included the use of PA with newer adjuvants and delivery systems, including bacterial and viral vectors and DNA vaccines. Attempts to broaden the protection afforded by PA-based vaccines have focused on adding other B. anthracis components, including spore and capsule antigens.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Inhalation Anthrax
Vaccine Production
Vaccinations
Vaccines
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
Cancer Vaccines
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

