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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Actuarial Approach01:20

Actuarial Approach

The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Introduction To Survival Analysis01:18

Introduction To Survival Analysis

Survival analysis is a statistical method used to study time-to-event data, where the "event" might represent outcomes like death, disease relapse, system failure, or recovery. A unique feature of survival data is censoring, which occurs when the event of interest has not been observed for some individuals during the study period. This requires specialized techniques to handle incomplete data effectively.
The primary goal of survival analysis is to estimate survival time—the time until a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

Mortality in autism: a prospective longitudinal community-based study.

Christopher Gillberg1, Eva Billstedt, Valter Sundh

  • 1Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Queen Silvia's Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Gothenburg University, Kungsgatan 12, 411 18, Göteborg, Sweden. christopher.gillberg@pediat.gu.se

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|October 20, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with autism have a significantly higher mortality rate, 5.6 times the expected rate, with associated medical conditions and accidents being primary causes of death. This increased risk was notably higher in females.

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Published on: October 4, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition.
  • Long-term mortality data for individuals with ASD, particularly those diagnosed in childhood and followed into adulthood, are limited.
  • Understanding mortality risks is crucial for improving care and support for the ASD population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the mortality rate in a cohort of individuals diagnosed with autism or atypical autism in childhood.
  • To identify risk factors and causes of death in this population.
  • To assess if autism itself is associated with an increased risk of mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A representative population sample of 120 individuals diagnosed with autism/atypical autism between 1962-1984 was identified.
  • Follow-up was conducted using Swedish national registers until young adulthood (>=18 years).
  • Mortality rates, risk factors, and causes of death were analyzed and compared to expected rates.

Main Results:

  • A total of 9 individuals (7.5%) died during the follow-up period.
  • The observed mortality rate was 5.6 times higher than expected for the general population.
  • Mortality was significantly higher among females with ASD; associated medical disorders and accidents were the main causes of death.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with autism exhibit a substantially elevated mortality rate compared to the general population.
  • Associated medical conditions and accidental deaths are significant contributors to mortality in this group.
  • Further research is needed to ascertain if autism spectrum disorder 'per se' independently increases mortality risk.