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Normalization of hypocretin-1 in narcolepsy after intravenous immunoglobulin treatment

Y Dauvilliers1, B Abril, E Mas

  • 1Service de Neurologie, 80, Avenue Augustin Fliche, Hôpital Gui-de-Chauliac, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. y-dauvilliers@chu-montpellier.fr

Neurology
|October 21, 2009
PubMed
Abstract

No abstract available in PubMed .

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Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
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Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge: